Planoqr



E. B. CAMPBELL.

REDUCING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. :0. I919.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

////J'llllfl// M INV'EJY'TOR. ,Edrrardfl. Camphll,

THE COLUMBIA FLANOURAPII (0., WAIIIINGTON. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD B. CAMPBELL, ors'r. Louis, m ssouni, ssume To WILLIAMS ramcnusnnn AND PU'LVEBIZER 00,, or s1 Louis, MIssounI, A CORPORATION 01'nseam. r

I sarcoma-mug Patent-ea se ta 191 9.

Application filed February '10, 1919. Serial No. 276,166.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD B. CAMPBELL acitizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri,have invented certain new a'nd useful Improvements in Reducing Mills, ofwhich the following is a specification. 1

This invention relates to certain new aifd useful'improvements inreducing mills having especial reference to rot-aryhammer's for millsused for grinders feed cutter-sand like reducing mills, thepeculiarities of which will be hereinafter described and claimed.

The main object of my improvements is the provision of a flat bar'rotaryhammer forming a long, thin operative edge at front and rear Operatingin the cylindrical curved plane of rotation of the head, which head isformed at right angles to the leg by which it is pivoted so that saidhammer maybe mounted in multiple in a rotor and thus secure, a moreflexible action on the material fed to said mill than the so calledstirrup hammer that has a long operative edge extending between two legsby which it is pivoted.

In the accompanying drawing on which like reference letters indicatecorresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view ofthe housing of a mill and rotor embodying my improvements, the sectionbeing taken across the shaft; Fig. 2 a partial sectional view of thehousing taken in a vertical axial plane, and face View of part of therotor with hammers of my style with a sharpened ed e; and Fig. 5 asimilar I view of a hammer 0' three pieces riveted together through line28; Fig. 6 a similar View of a half length head hammer to fill out a rowof T-head hammers; and Fig. 7 a perspective view of a cast T-headshowing trunnions.

The letter A designates the housing and B the hopper of a suitable millin which is mounted the shaft C, carrying pairs of disks D keyed to saidshaft and in which are mounted hammer rods E, on which are pivotedhammers of the construction and shape now to be described. A suitablecage Fand breaker plate G is provided for coiiperation with saidhammers.

The disks D are mounted in pair or series along'the shaft C, and betweeneach pair of disks the "flat bar legs H of my hammers are mountedasshown in'Fig. 2. The flat bar of which the hammer is composed, is ofrelativelygreaterwidth than thickness, and i the head I likewise formedof 1a flathar and mounted on-sairl leg so that the head extendslaterallyat right angles to the flatsideof said leg substantially adistan ce equal to the length of the leg, thereby presentin the-lesserdimensions of the bar in both t e leg and the head to form the operativeedge of head and leg. The flat bar used preferably to form. the leg, is

As shown in Fig. 3, this form of hammer is made from onepiece of flatbar'that is bent and doubled in layers to form a T head hammer. I'n Fig:Ptlie upper layer of the head is beveled or sharpened at its front andrear edge on its outer side, to form a cutting edge and allow of itsbeing reversed and either edge used as the forward cutting edge for thetime being. In Fig. 3 the operative edge is plain and square.

Referring to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the T heads of the hammers formrows parallel to the shaft, on account of their being mountedalternately on the rods E as shown in Fig. 1. That is to say, the headsof the respective hammers in one row overlap the path of the followinghammers in another row, while they form a long cutting edge that isbroken up into individual units and give flexibility in their operationon the material. Thus if a piece of material is struck by one hammer,this hannnor will be pressed backward without influencing the cuttingaction or slicing action of the other hammers in the same row which arenot acting on -this chunk of material, such as bulbs, beets, turnips,etc. In another well known form of grinder, the hammers are independentstraight bars pivoted between a series of disks so that the shanks ofthe hammers occupy practically all the space between the cutting endsand the peripheries of the disks, thus increasing the Weight of therotor, increasing the opposition of wind and material and requiringgreater power to operate than in the present form. In another form ofhammer the operative edge is formed by bar'praeticallythe width of thecasing and the iong'barheatl has no flexibility of action, as in mystyle. k

In the form shown in this application, the flexibility of the operatingedge is maintained, the space between said edge and the disks is leftopen, the redneed number of shanks required by the present form of T-heed as compared with the independent hammers mentioned chfiapiens theconstruction, increases the slicing action, reduces the opposition ofwind and material and hence the driving power required. a

While I have shown the single T-hoad and the intermediately located legfor mid head as formed of: a double flat har tihe ham mer mayits-otherwise formed as long asthe T head principle and the slicingaetion as distinguished tron] the beating and crust;- ing aetionismaintained as above described. In all these forms of F hammers, thelesser dimension of both the head and the leg is presented to thematerial bei operated on, end'ithe slieing efi'ect upon t ereaterialissimilar to thaat of a stirruphammer with the flateonnectin cross barandlegs at the ends of'the cress ar head.

This form of head secures cheapness in construction and the smallsurface of the cross bar used as the operative edge increases theefliciency of the slicing action in passing through the material, makingless wind opposition and causing less expenditure of power.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described; a pivotal slicing hammer,consisting of a flat bar, bent so as to form a double flat top anddouble shank ortions, said top extending laterally beyond said shank andhaving its upper portion beveled and extending in front of its lowerportion on both front and rear forming cutting edges thereon, said shankhaving openings therein.

2. In a machine of the character described; a pivotal slicing hammerconsisting of a flat bar, bent so as to form a double flat top anddouble shank ortions, said top extending laterally beyon said shank,said shank having openings therein,-the width of said bar beingrelatively much greater than the thickness so that the lesser dimensionof the bar in leg and head is presented to the material being 0 ratedon, and siicesthrough the materia substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

EDWARD B. CAMPBELL.

Golden ,oi petentmay be obthiieifor g iyeeents each, by addressing thecommissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0.

